電荷・軌道秩序

charge and orbital ordering

[目次：理論(電子の散乱／回折／結像)]

遷移金属の3d電子で、二種類の電荷状態が交互に規則正しく整列した状態を電荷秩序状態といい、軌道、たとえばe_g軌道、が方向を変えて交互に規則正しく整列した状態を軌道秩序状態という。遷移金属を含むペロブスカイト酸化物で、組成や温度をかえるとこのような秩序状態が出現する。このような電子系の超構造は格子系に反映されるので、電子回折図形に超格子反射として観察される。

"Charge and orbital ordering" states the charge-ordered state and the orbital-ordered state for 3d electrons in transition metals in a crystal. The charge-ordered state means that two charge states are alternately and regularly arranged. The orbital-ordered state means that orbitals, for example e_g orbitals, with one orientation and the other orientation are alternately and regularly arranged. These states emerge in perovskite oxides containing transition metals when composition or temperature is changed. Such super structures in electronic systems are reflected in lattice systems, thus these structures are observed by superlattice reflections in an electron diffraction pattern.

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