不純物

impurity

[目次：結晶等(結晶構造／材料試料)]

純粋物質中の異物。半導体に微量の不純物を入れると、不純物に特有なエネルギー準位がバンドギャップ内に作られる。不純物準位の電子を伝導帯に与えたり、不純物準位に価電子帯の電子を受け取ったりする。

"Impurities" are defined as substances contained in a pure substance. When a trace amount of impurities are doped into a semiconductor, energy levels characteristic of impurities are created in the band gap, from which electrons are excited to the conduction band or to which electrons are accepted from the valence band.